Relationship between Zooplankton Abundance and Oceanographic Conditions in the Waters Around Sardinia
A zooplankton survey was carried out in the waters around Sardinia in September 2019 during oceanographic cruise IDMAR 2019. The samples here analyzed were caught in 57 stations, both near-shore in shallow water and in the continental slope above higher bottom depth. The sampling tool used was a 200 µm mesh size Bongo 40 Net. The Zooplankton community was investigated from the point of view of numerical abundance and taxa composition. Subsequently, these data were related to oceanographic conditions and orographic conformation. In the southwest, we have a wide continental shelf, while, along the East and South-East coasts, the continental shelf is narrower and at times almost absent. Along the East and South-East coasts, the continental shelf is narrower. According to the CTD data at 5 m depth, the eastern, northern, and southern salinity was higher with respect sardinian western coast, which in turn resulted also characterized by colder and more oxygenated waters. Considering total zooplankton, coastal stations resulted in abundance almost one order of magnitude higher than slope ones (357.05-6309 ind./m³ and 97.25-514.31 ind./m³, respectively), with the exception of the eastern coastal station 66 (29.9 ind./m³). With regard to single taxa, copepods resulted in almost every station greater than 71.18%, except in the SW coastal station 4 (copepods: 56.56%; gastropods larvae: 27,17%). Cladocerans have been in most cases less than 10%, except for stations 85 (17.97%), 83 (13.98%), and 58-59 (~13%), probably because of nutritional enrichment due to coastal ponds proximity. Appendicularians was the third zooplankton taxa for numerical abundance of the whole cruise, followed by aforementioned gastropods larvae. Other groups accounted for less than 1% (pteropods, decapods larvae, euphausiids larvae, chaetognaths, cnidarians, ostracods, polychaetes) or less than 0.1% (thaliaceans, siphonophores, amphipods, euphausiids, mysids, teleosts larvae).