Population structure, dynamics and stable isotope-based trophic ecology of Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772) in the Maldivian archipelago.
Ghost crabs are key components of tropical sandy shores, linking marine and terrestrial ecosystems through sediment dynamics and nutrient recycling. Despite their ecological relevance, information on Maldives’ populations of the ghost crab Ocypode ceratophthalmus is currently lacking, particularly regarding population structure and trophic ecology. In this context, stable isotope analysis of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) is a useful tool for investigating trophic position and dynamics. The present study aims to provide the first assessment of the population structure of O. ceratophthalmus from the Maldivian archipelago, integrating morphometric, isotopic and growth analyses to investigate population traits and trophic niche on Magoodhoo Island (Faafu Atoll), an area increasingly exposed to human impact. Between 2024 and 2025, 221 individuals were collected, weighted, sexed and measured. Allometric relationships and growth parameters were analyzed through log-log regressions and FiSAT II/ELEFAN I, respectively. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were analyzed in three different tissues using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Morphometric analyses highlighted sexual dimorphism, with males exhibiting larger major chelae characterized by positive allometric growth, and female wider abdominal structure. Growth analysis estimated an asymptotic carapace width of 50.40 mm and a growth coefficient of 0.680 year⁻¹, suggesting continuous recruitment with a probable peak between May and July. Isotopic analyses revealed depleted δ¹³C values (-20.41 ± 2.64‰) and high δ¹⁵N values (9.79 ± 0.98‰), suggesting a relatively high trophic position that may reflect an opportunistic feeding strategy. Muscle tissue may reflect a stable assimilated dietary signal, while stomach variability could indicate heterogeneous recent feeding, with no sex-related trophic differentiation. Overall, this study established the first baseline for O. ceratophthalmus populations assessment in the Maldives, providing essential data for future ecological, and conservation-oriented research on tropical sandy intertidal ecosystems. This acquires an utmost importance considering the vulnerability of these sensitive environments to growing anthropogenic impacts.