Colonization of Posidonia oceanica artificial wrack piles by dune plants: Is it feasible?

Virginia Menicagli
1*
Claudio Lardicci
2,3,4
Elena Balestri
1,2
1
Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, Pisa, Pisa - 56126, Italia
2
Centro per l'Integrazione della Strumentazione scientifica dell'Università di Pisa (CISUP), Università di Pisa, Lungarno Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa, Pisa - 56127, Italia
3
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, Pisa, Pisa - 56126, Italia
4
Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per lo Studio degli Effetti del Cambiamento Climatico, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa, Pisa - 56124, Italia

Wrack depositions play fundamental ecological roles in coastal environments, including contributing to the formation of embryonic dunes and providing nutrients to dune plants. Despite their importance, wrack depositions are considered as a nuisance, and they are frequently removed from beaches. In Italy, the wrack made of portions of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile is often moved from beaches to the toe of adjacent dunes, ecologically/economically relevant habitats, or used to build artificial piles on inland beach areas during grooming activities. However, whether these piles can be colonized over time by dune plants and used like a barrier to protect the coastline by erosion has not been investigated so far. Here, we present the preliminary results of a planting experiment performed on a beach in Tuscany where P. oceanica piles were created by the local municipality. Specifically, we evaluated whether two dune plant species (Thinopyrum junceum and Calamagrostis arenaria) commonly used in dune restoration interventions can survive and colonize such piles over time. Nursery raised plants were planted on the wrack pile in October 2025 and monitored periodically to determine their survival and the number of culms produced. Seven months after planting, all C. arenaria plants and most of T. junceum plants (94.4 ± 5.6%) were still alive and had produced new culms. These preliminary findings indicate that artificial wrack piles could be valorised by planting dune building species, but long-term monitoring is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of this practice in terms of ecosystem services provided such as increased coastal protection and biodiversity support.

Conservazione, gestione, restauro di specie, habitat ed ecosistemi
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