Mediterranean ecosystems experience frequent fires that significantly affect soil biodiversity and functioning. Soil Collembola plays fundamental roles in the decomposition process and in microbial regulation. Moreover, they are early colonizers of disturbed environments, such as burnt areas. The present research aimed: i) to analyse the recovery trajectories and the functional trait shifts inside the Collembola community in burnt soils of a Mediterranean region ii) to highlight probable differences due to different plant covers such as shrubs and trees. To achieve the aims, soil samples were collected every 6 months starting from 3 to 6 years since fire occurrence at 12 plots in burnt (6 plots dominated by trees and 6 plots dominated by shrubs) and 12 plots unburnt (6 plots dominated by trees and 6 plots dominated by shrubs) areas. Collembola were extracted by the soil cores and identified at species level. Then the community was described by density, richness, diversity, and by functional traits such as body length, presence of eyes, presence of furcula, pigmentation and reproduction type. Results showed that while taxonomic indices (density, richness, diversity) did not significantly change in burnt and unburnt areas both under trees and shrubs, both species composition and functional traits showed difference between burnt and unburnt communities. In particular, in the short time (3 years after fire), fire significantly decreased the abundance of Collembola species with larger body size, pigmentation, and mobility, but these species showed an increase already after 4 years after fire, especially under trees. Overall, Collembola species and functional trait assemblage revealed increasing divergence between burnt and unburnt communities over time, suggesting that fire leads to long-term shifts in community assembly. These findings emphasize the need to integrate functional metrics into soil biodiversity monitoring for effective post-fire ecosystem assessment.